This course provides an expansive survey of the Nazi extermination of European Jews, including the ideological underpinnings of the genocide; the policies leading up to the "Final Solution" in Germany and the rest of Europe, a broad overview of the varied reactions and policies of many countries throughout Europe, the role of the Vatican and the response of the Jews themselves as well as the international community; the motivation of the perpetrators; and the complexities of survival in the ghettoes and concentration camps.