Environmental Science


Staff List

Academic Counselor
Ferzeen Sammy
advisor.gge.utm@utoronto.ca

Director and Program Advisor
Monika Havelka
Room 3291, William G. Davis Bldg
905-828-5366
monika.havelka@utoronto.ca

 

The interdisciplinary programs are administered by the Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, which advises students and coordinates participating departments, faculty and programs.

The curriculum stresses the integrative nature of the study of the environment. Students will develop the environmental problem-solving skills required for some of the most dynamic areas of today's job market. Environment faculty members encourage students to become involved in basic enquiry and critical thinking, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and the application of concepts to real-life problems.

The Environment programs begin with a first-year Science course, ENV100Y5 (The Environment). The programs offer students abundant opportunities to become involved in environmental practice, research and fieldwork (e.g., ENV299Y5 Research Opportunity Program, ENV232H5 Environmental Sustainability Practicum, ENV497H5, Environmental Research Project). Students may also have the opportunity to complete a practical work placement course related to their specific area of interest (JEG400/401Y5 Geography/Environment Internship).

Professional Advancement for Geography and Environment Students (PAGES)
The program is based on a series of workshops, career events and related activities designed to help students develop: an awareness of research, career and graduate possibilities; skills required to apply successfully for employment and graduate studies; and personal skills to improve self-confidence and potential within the workplace, professional direction and self-awareness. On successful completion of the program students receive a transcript annotation. Please contact Professor Matthew Adams (md.adams@utoronto.ca) for details on registering for this program.

The Environmental Science programs offer an opportunity to study the interdisciplinary sciences that are required to understand complex environmental problems involving the natural world and human impacts. Students can tailor the scientific focus of the program to their own interests, by choosing courses from Geographical and Earth Science Perspectives; Biological/Ecological Perspectives; and Physical/Chemical Perspectives. For example, one possible pathway through Environmental Science focuses on the relationships among biota, land, water, and air, the structure and function of natural and managed ecosystems, and processes in the biogeochemical environment. This pathway would rely mainly on courses chosen from the Geographical and Ecological Perspectives. An alternative, more analytical pathway is better suited to students with a strong interest in laboratory sciences, who wish to apply their knowledge to problems of chemical, physical, and biotechnical remediation and the control of environmental problems. This pathway would involve more course choices in the Physical and Chemical Sciences. Fieldwork, experiential learning, and research opportunities are important to all of the Environmental Science programs. No matter which pathway is followed, some courses on Social and Policy Perspectives are also part of the program. The premise is that those who will develop our scientific knowledge and technological capacities must also have a basic understanding of environmental management, policy, and the human-environment relationship. Students who have concerns about identifying which pathway is best for them are encouraged to visit the Program Advisors and Academic Counselor early and often.

Combined Degree Programs in Environmental Science (HBSc) and Master of Science in Sustainability Management (MScSM)
Students in either the Specialist or Major program in Environmental Science with an interest in pursuing a Master of Science in Sustainability Management (MScSM) (offered at the UTM campus) have the opportunity to participate in a Combined Degree Program. Combined Degree Programs in Environmental Management and MScSM will allow students to complete an undergraduate degree with an early admission offer to the MScSM program in their fourth year of study. Students will be able to complete 1.0 FCE of MScSM graduate level courses in their final undergraduate year, which will count as credit toward undergraduate degree requirements and the MScSM Program. At the end of the Combined Degree Program, students will have earned a four-year undergraduate degree and an MScSM.

Students interested in pursuing a Combined Degree Program will apply to the program at the end of their third year of study. As part of the application, students will be required to apply and interview for early conditional admission to the MScSM Program. Once accepted into the Combined Degree Program, students will work with the MScSM Director to choose appropriate graduate level courses to complete during their final undergraduate year.

Students should also review the Degree Requirements section prior to selecting courses

Program websitehttp://env.utm.utoronto.ca

Environmental Science Programs

Environmental Science - Specialist (Science)

Environmental Science - Specialist (Science)

Enrolment Requirements:

Limited Enrolment � Enrolment in this program is limited to students who have completed ENV100Y5 with a mark of 65% or higher, and who have a CGPA of at least 2.0.

Completion Requirements:

12.0 credits are required, of which at least 4.0 credits must be at the 300-400 level, including at least 1.0 credit at the 400 level.

First Year: 4.0 credits:

Be sure to look ahead and plan to complete the prerequisites for any upper-level courses that are of interest to you.

Second Year: 4.0 credits:

Upper Years: 4.0 credits:

Note: ENV490H5 or ENV491H5 can substitute for #1 or #2 or #3 or or #4 as course requirements, where appropriate, and with permission of the Program Advisor or Academic Counsellor.



Note:

This is intended to be an interdisciplinary program. At least four different disciplines must be represented among the courses that are counted as program requirements. For example, a course list selected from ENV + GGR + CHM + ERS is acceptable, but a course list selected only from ENV + GGR + ERS is not. Please contact the Program Advisors or Academic Counsellor if you have any questions about the validity of your course selections.


ERSPE1061

Environmental Science - Major (Science)

Environmental Science - Major (Science)

Enrolment Requirements:

Limited Enrolment - Enrolment in this program is limited to students who have completed ENV100Y5 with a mark of 63% or higher.

Completion Requirements:

8.0 credits are required, of which at least 2.0 must be at the 300-400 level.

First Year: 3.0 credits:

Be sure to look ahead and plan to complete the prerequisites for any upper-level courses that are of interest to you.

Second Year: 2.5 credits:

Upper Years: 2.5 credits:

Note: ENV490H5, ENV491H5 can substitute for #1, #2, #3, or #4 as course requirements, where appropriate, and with permission of the Program Advisor or Academic Counsellor.


Note:

This is intended to be an interdisciplinary program. At least four different disciplines must be represented among the courses that are counted as program requirements. For example, a course list selected from ENV + GGR + CHM + ERS is acceptable, but a course list selected only from ENV + GGR + ERS is not. Please contact the Program Advisors or Academic Counsellor if you have any questions about the validity of your course selections.


ERMAJ1061

Environmental Science - Minor (Science)

Environmental Science - Minor (Science)

Enrolment Requirements:

Limited Enrolment — Enrolment in this program is limited to student who have completed ENV100Y5 with a mark of 60% or higher.

Completion Requirements:

4.0 credits are required, of which at least 1.0 must be at the 300-400 level.

First Year: 1.0 credit:

  1. Environment Foundation: ENV100Y5

Be sure to look ahead and plan to complete the prerequisites for any upper-level courses that are of interest to you.

Second Year: 2.0 credits:

  1. Environmental Management Core: ENV201H5
  2. Life Sciences Core: 0.5 credit chosen from this list: BIO201H5, BIO205H5, BIO211H5; GGR227H5
  3. Physical Geographical and Earth Sciences Core: 1.0 credit chosen from this list: CHM211H5, CHM242H5; GGR201H5, GGR214H5, GGR217H5; ERS201H5, ERS202H5, ERS203H5; JCP221H5

Upper Years: 1.0 credit:

  1. Field, Project-based, Experiential, and Research Perspectives: 0.5 credit chosen from this list: BIO416H5; ENV299Y5, ENV399Y5, ENV496H5; ENV497H5; ERS325H5; GGR335H5, GGR379H5; JEG400Y5
  2. Biogeochemical Perspectives: 0.5 credit chosen from this list: BIO311H5, BIO331H5, BIO333H5, BIO373H5; ENV495H5, ENV496H5; ERS312H5, ERS315H5, ERS412H5; GGR304H5, GGR305H5, GGR307H5, GGR309H5, GGR311H5, GGR315H5, GGR316H5, GGR317H5, GGR337H5, GGR338H5, GGR372H5, GGR374H5, GGR375H5, GGR376H5, GGR377H5, GGR383H5, GGR384H5, GGR404H5, GGR406H5, GGR407H5, GGR440H5, GGR484H5; JGE378H5;

This is intended to be an interdisciplinary program. At least three different disciplines must be represented among the courses that are counted as program requirements. For example, a course list selected from ENV + BIO + ERS is acceptable, but a course list selected only from ENV + BIO is not. Please contact the Program Advisors or Academic Counsellor if you have any questions about the validity of your course selections.


ERMIN1061

Certificate in Sustainability

Certificate in Sustainability

** This certificate program launches September 2024. **

Sustainability means meeting our own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The Certificate in Sustainability will provide students the opportunity to develop a sustainability lens -- an interdisciplinary toolkit for examining societal, cultural, economic, political and environmental issues from a perspective that promotes ecological health, social equity and development.

Enrolment in the Certificate in Sustainability is open to all students completing programs at UTM. To complete the Certificate, a student must complete 2.0 credits, with 1.5 credits chosen from at least 2 of 4 Perspectives offered (Economic, Environmental, Political/Institutional, Social/Cultural). Upon completion "Certificate in Sustainability (U of T Sustainability Scholar)" will be recorded on the academic transcript as a component of the undergraduate degree. Students who complete the requirements of the Certificate in Sustainability are considered University of Toronto Sustainability Scholars. Students will not receive a separate parchment at Convocation.

Completion Requirements:

2.0 credits are required.

  1. Foundation: ENV210H5 or ENV310H5.

  2. 1.5 credits chosen from at least 2 of the following four Perspectives:

    1. Economic Perspective: CCT433H5, ECO302H5, ECO303H5, ECO313H5, ECO315H5, ECO320H5, ECO321H5, ECO324H5, ECO326H5, ECO333H5, ECO335H5, ECO336H5, ECO343H5, ECO362H5, ECO373Y5, GGR202H5, GGR209H5, GGR252H5

    2. Environmental Perspective: BIO412H5, ENV201H5, ( ENV205H5 or ENV305H5), ENV320H5, ENV332H5, ENV425H5, ENV495H5, ENV496H5, ERS101H5, ERS111H5, ERS312H5, ERS315H5, ERS401H5, ERS412H5, GGR214H5, GGR227H5, JGE378H5

    3. Political/Institutional Perspective: ENV430H5, GGR207H5, GGR461H5, HIS318H5, HIS319H5, JEP351H5, JEP356H5, JEP452H5, JPE251H5, JPE252H5, POL346Y5, POL475H5, SOC343H5, SOC463H5, SOC465H5

    4. Social/Cultural Perspective: ANT357H5, ANT368H5, ANT370H5, ANT464H5, EDS220H5, EDS250H5, ENG259H5, ENV311H5, GGR265H5, GGR385H5, GGR415H5, JBH471H5, PHL273H5, SOC304H5, SOC356H5, VCC207H5, VCC236H5, VCC410H5, WRI375H5

Note:

Additional courses with sufficient sustainability content may be appropriate for the Certificate in Sustainability. Students must receive permission from the Academic Counsellor prior to course enrolment.


ERCER1287

Students may take no more than 2.0 credits combined in ROP, individual project courses, or thesis courses at the 300/400 level for credit toward their Environment program.

Environmental Science Courses

ENV100Y5 • The Environment

This introductory environmental science course examines large-scale features of Earth, natural hazards, Earth's climate and weather systems, energy and mineral resources, human population growth, extinction and biodiversity, environmental toxins, vanishing soils and expanding deserts, forests, urban environmental management, and food resources. Interdisciplinary interaction among Science, Social Science, and Humanities is a major theme.


Distribution Requirement: Science
Total Instructional Hours: 72L
Mode of Delivery: Online, In Class

ENV201H5 • Environmental Management

(Formerly GGR234H5) Environmental management builds on topics discussed in ENV100 and GGR111/112, by focusing on conceptual frameworks and specific tools that can be used to formulate environmental management goals and support decision-making. Case studies will be used throughout to highlight different approaches, focusing primarily on Canadian examples. Topics include ecosystem and adaptive management, environment impact assessments, and the role of stakeholders.

Prerequisites: GGR111H5 and GGR112H5 (formerly GGR117Y5) or ENV100Y5

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/9T
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV210H5 • Sustainability

The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development popularized the term sustainable development in its 1987 report, Our Common Future. How far have we come since then, as a global community, in implementing sustainability as a model for development? In this course we will examine the history, measurement, and present-day models and applications of sustainability and sustainable development in both the public and private spheres. Sustainability is an integrative concept that addresses social, cultural, political, and economic factors within the constraints of the biophysical environment.

Prerequisites: 9 credits including ENV100Y5 and ENV201H5
Exclusions: ENV310H5

International Component: International - Optional
Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/12T
Mode of Delivery: In Class, Hybrid

ENV299Y5 • Research Opportunity Program

This course provides a richly rewarding opportunity for students in their second year to work on a research project with a professor in return for 299Y course credit. Students enrolled have an opportunity to become involved in original research, learn research methods and share in the excitement and discovery of acquiring new knowledge. Based on the nature of the project, projects may satisfy the Sciences or Social Sciences distribution requirement. Participating faculty members post their project descriptions for the following summer and fall/winter sessions in early February and students are invited to apply in early March. See Experiential and International Opportunities for more details.


Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV305H5 • Sustainable Tourism

Tourism has long been an important industry around the world, but increasingly questions are being raised regarding the social and environmental sustainability of tourism. This course will look at the impacts (both negative and positive) that tourism has on the natural environment, society, and local economies. It will explore how tourism relates to mobility, globalization, recreation and outdoor activity, planning, the environment, cultural identities, protected areas, and wildlife conservation. This course begins with an introduction to tourism more generally and then focuses in on critical perspectives and the development of eco-tourism, cultural tourism, and volunteer tourism. As part of this course, students may have the option of participating in an international learning experience that will have an additional cost and application process.

Exclusions: GGR356H1 and ENV205H5
Recommended Preparation: ENV100Y5 and ENV201H5

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV311H5 • Environmental Issues in the Developing World

The Earth is one, but the world is not. We all depend on one biosphere for sustaining our lives. Yet each community, each country, strives for survival and prosperity with little regard for its impact on others. These are the opening words from the report of the UN World Commission on Environment and Development, which first popularized the concept of sustainable development. In this course we examine 'environment' and 'development' and 'human well-being' as inseparable challenges. We consider global, regional, and local environmental problems from the perspectives of developing nations, and investigate the economic, social, and political roots of these problems.

Prerequisites: Any 9.0 credits
Exclusions: ENV345H5

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/10T
Mode of Delivery: In Class, Hybrid

ENV320H5 • Managing Our Waste

Garbage archaeologist William Rathje once said, "Garbage isn't generic junk. It's elements of our behavior all thrown together." The history of human civilization is reflected in what societies have thrown away over the ages. But in recent decades both the quantity and types of waste generated by human activities have changed radically. In this course we will address the philosophical, social, and management challenges associated with waste in Canadian and international contexts, as well as examining some of the technological and scientific aspects of specific waste management problems.

Prerequisites: 9.0 credits including ENV100Y5 or (GGR111H5 and GGR112H5)

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/10T
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV330H5 • Experimental Design in Environmental Science

This hands-on course introduces students to field methods and integrative problem solving in environmental sciences. Topics will include sampling methods and protocols employed in terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric assessment and monitoring, as well as experimental design, data analysis and presentation. Practical sessions will involve outdoor field experiences on campus and neighboring areas.

Prerequisites: 9.0 credits, including the completion of a 100-level quantitative and basic scientific credit, and completion of a 200/300-levek quantitative methods course and enrolment in an Environmental Science program.

Distribution Requirement: Science
Total Instructional Hours: 12L/24P
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV332H5 • Practicum in Environmental Project Management

Solutions to environmental issues depend on interdisciplinary teamwork.  This course mimics the practical, multidisciplinary, collaborative work  that is highly valued in the environment sector.  Students work in teams on semester-long projects addressing a specific environmental issue on campus or in the local community (e.g., conducting a waste audit; developing an educational module for a local NGO, etc.).  Specific skills that are developed include; project management and workflow, data collection, report writing and formal presentations.   This course is strongly recommended for Specialist and Major students in any of the Environment Programs.

Prerequisites: 9.0 credits and completion of a Research Methods course (e.g., GGR277H5).
Exclusions: ENV232H5

Course Experience: University-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Social Science, Science
Total Instructional Hours: 12P/24S
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV393H5 • Environmental Assessment

The course focuses on the methodologies for measuring and predicting the impact of development on the bio-physical and socio-economic environments. Topics include environmental assessment, law and institutions, environmental mediation; Phase I, II, III environmental site assessment; monitoring; mitigation; evaluation; and risk assessment. The types of impact assessment (IA) methods examined vary from year to year (e.g. economic IA, ecological IA, social IA).

Prerequisites: ENV100Y5

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/6P
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV399Y5 • Research Opportunity Program

This course provides a richly rewarding opportunity for students in their second year to work on a research project with a professor in return for 299Y course credit. Students enrolled have an opportunity to become involved in original research, learn research methods and share in the excitement and discovery of acquiring new knowledge. Based on the nature of the project, projects may satisfy the Sciences or Social Sciences distribution requirement. Participating faculty members post their project descriptions for the following summer and fall/winter sessions in early February and students are invited to apply in early March. See Experiential and International Opportunities for more details.


Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV425H5 • Managing Urban Ecosystems

This course examines the ways people interact with and manage urban ecosystems. Socio-ecological systems, green infrastructure, environmental justice, ecosystems services, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and sustainability will be discussed in the context of urban ecosystems. Throughout the course, issues associated with bridging the gaps between the social and natural sciences, unique characteristics of urban ecosystems, and the role of individual decision-makers will be considered.

Prerequisites: 14 credits

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV430H5 • Environmental Law and Policy

This course introduces students to the challenges and opportunities of environmental law and policy. Students will learn how legal systems can address increasingly complex environmental challenges. This course will include an in-depth look at the toolbox of legal and policy instruments that decision makers have at their disposal to tackle major environmental problems. The focus is primarily Canada though international examples will also be touched upon. Case studies and examples will be used to connect theoretical and legal principals to real world situations.

Prerequisites: 14 credits including (GGR111H5 and GGR112H5) or ENV100Y5 or permission of instructor
Recommended Preparation: (JPE251H5 and JPE252H5) or ENV250Y5

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV435H5 • Governing the Commons: Communities and Conservation

Common-pool resources (CPRs) include pastures, forests, watersheds, ocean fisheries, traffic, the Internet, and the Earth’s climate. CPRs present a variety of social dilemmas because it is difficult to exclude and prevent resources users from accessing, using, and polluting a resource. Individual self-interest may put CPRs at risk of overuse, overconsumption, and exploitation to result in a “tragedy of the commons” scenario. However resource users across the world, have devised rules and strategies to avoid such tragedies to sustain CPRs over centuries. In this course, through playing games in the classroom, we will learn whether and how theories of collective action, cooperation, and institutions provide insight into achieving conservation of CPRs that delivers on the twin goals of social and environmental justice.

Prerequisites: 14.0 credits including GGR111H5 and GGR112 or ENV100Y5 or permission of instructor

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV490H5 • Special Topics in Environmental Studies

These courses highlight various topics of special interest in environmental studies. The specific focus and format of the course will vary, depending on the chosen topic. The course will not be offered every year. Please check with the Academic Counsellor, Sabrina Ferrari (905-828-5465), for further information. The contact hours for this course may vary in terms of contact type (L,S,T,P) from year to year, but will be between 24-36 contact hours in total. See the UTM Timetable

Prerequisites: 14.0 credits including ENV100Y5

Distribution Requirement: Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV491H5 • Special Topics in Environmental Studies

These courses highlight various topics of special interest in environmental studies. The specific focus and format of the courses will vary, depending on the chosen topic. The courses will not be offered every year. Please check with the Academic Counsellor, Sabrina Ferrari (905-828-5465), for further information. The contact hours for this course may vary in terms of contact type (L,S,T,P) from year to year, but will be between 24-36 contact hours in total. See the UTM Timetable.


Prerequisites: 14.0 credits including ENV100Y5 and permission of instructor

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV495H5 • Restoration Ecology I

Restoration ecology is an emerging cross-disciplinary field of study that concerns human activities undertaken to promote the recovery, health, integrity and sustainability of degraded ecosystems. This course introduces the fundamental concepts of ecological restoration, addressing topics such as assessing ecosystem health, resilience, resistance and stability; community structure and biodiversity; invasive species; ecosystem processes and functions; societal aspects of ecological restoration (e.g., the relationship between social, economic and environmental sustainability).

Prerequisites: 14 credits including ENV100Y5 or BIO205H5

Distribution Requirement: Science
Total Instructional Hours: 36L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV496H5 • Restoration Ecology II

The follow-up course to Restoration Ecology I, ENV496H5 will build on its theoretical foundations to focus on student involvement in a variety of restoration projects planned or underway by Credit Valley Conservation and other groups in Mississauga and the greater Credit Valley watershed. The emphasis here is on planning and implementation of restoration projects; good scientific design; understanding policies and procedures; identifying and working with stakeholders, etc. Occasional field exercises may be scheduled during regular class meeting times.

Prerequisites: 14.0 credits including ENV495H5

Course Experience: University-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Science
Total Instructional Hours: 12L/24P
Mode of Delivery: In Class

ENV497H5 • Environmental Research Project

This independent project course is designed to give students experience in the definition and execution of a one-term research study on an environmental topic, under the guidance of a member of the faculty. Students who wish to pursue this option with a specific faculty member or who have an idea for a research project should approach the faculty member early - before the start of the academic term - to negotiate the terms of the project.

Prerequisites: 14.0 credits towards an Environmental Specialist or Major program and permission of instructor

Course Experience: University-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Social Science, Science
Total Instructional Hours: 12P
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JEG400Y5 • Geography / Environment Science Internship

Through a part-time, unpaid work placement, students apply the natural science based environmental science/physical geography expertise gained through previous course work. Placements are made at local conservation authorities, municipalities, environmental consulting companies, corporations, provincial or federal agencies, and other organizations. Students must submit an application online. Instructions for the application can be found on the Geography Department home page: https://utm.utoronto.ca/geography/field-internship-and-thesis-courses

Prerequisites: 15.0-18.0 credits and permission of instructor
Exclusions: ENV400Y5 or GGR410Y5

Course Experience: Partnership-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Science
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JEG401Y5 • Geography / Environment Social Science Internship

Through a part-time, unpaid work placement, students apply the knowledge and expertise gained through previous course work in geography. Placements may be made in a range of settings. For example, placements may include municipal government, regional government, neighbourhood organizations and centres, corporations as well as with non-governmental organizations. Admission for this course will be through an online application. Instructions for the application can be found on the Geography Department home page: https://utm.utoronto.ca/geography/field-internship-and-thesis-courses

Prerequisites: 15.0-18.0 credits and permission of instructor
Exclusions: ENV400Y5 or GGR410Y5

Course Experience: Partnership-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JEG417Y5 • Honours Thesis

This course is designed to give students experience in the design and execution of an independent senior thesis under the supervision of a faculty member. In order to register in the course, students must obtain approval from a supervisor, complete an application form and submit the form to the Department of Geography. Please refer to the Department of Geography website for details: https://utm.utoronto.ca/geography/field-internship-and-thesis-courses. This course may fulfill field day components. Please consult with your supervisor.

Prerequisites: 14.0 credits

Course Experience: University-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Social Science, Science
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JEP351H5 • Comparative Environmental Policy

This course is an introduction to comparative environmental policy. The main focus of the course will be Canada-US-Mexico comparative policy around climate change, biodiversity, water resources, and pollution. Other countries may be examined as larger themes related to sustainable development and environmental justice will be covered in detail.

Prerequisites: 9.0 credits including (JP251H5 and JPE252H5) or JPE250Y5
Exclusions: ENV351H5
Recommended Preparation: This course is recommended for students with an interest in comparative politics and policy. Previous courses in comparative and international political science, geography and sociology will be an asset.

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JEP356H5 • Environmental Justice

Environmental Justice is about the fair treatment of all people in the creation and implementation of environmental policies. It also provides a critical framework to analyze and understand inequalities of an environmental kind. These inequalities are often based around identities of race, class and gender, such that marginalized groups are made to bear the burden of environmental externalities like pollution. Why are First Nations in Canada less likely to have access to safe drinking water? Why are industrial plants often in low-income neighborhoods? After critical examinations of the theories and foundations of environmental justice, this course uses a case study approach to understanding the concepts and the ways in which it has shaped modern society.

Prerequisites: 9.0 credits

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/12T
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JEP452H5 • Politics and Policy of Wildlife Conservation

This course is an in-depth analysis of conservation policy in Canada. The course begins with an overview biodiversity crisis facing the planet and then moves to an overview of Canada's approach to managing biodiversity across the country. We will carefully examine the federal Species at Risk Act as well as the provincial and territorial wildlife legislation. The remaining of the course will be aimed at making improvements to the Canadian strategy. During the course of the semester, the students will focus on the recovery of endangered species in Canada through the development of a recovery strategy for a specific species.

Prerequisites: 14.0 credits including ENV100Y5 and JPE251H5
Exclusions: ENV452H5

Course Experience: University-Based Experience
Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JGE378H5 • Natural Hazards

Earth is a dangerous place and risk is an inherent feature of life on this planet. Some of the events and processes that we call "hazardous," such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods, tsunamis, cyclones, and forest fires are natural environmental processes. We define them as hazards only when they pose a threat to human interests. In this course we will examine natural hazards as well as some technological hazards, their causes, their potential impacts on people, and their management and mitigation.

Prerequisites: 9.0 credits
Exclusions: GGR378H5 or ERS317H5
Recommended Preparation: ENV100Y5 and ERS103H5 and ERS120H5 and GGR112H5

Distribution Requirement: Social Science, Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/12T
Mode of Delivery: Online, In Class

JPE251H5 • Introduction to Canadian Environmental Law and Policy I

This course serves as an introduction to environmental policy and law in Canada. The primary intent is to provide an overview of the political context in which environmental policy and law is made and implemented. The emphasis in this course will be on environmental policy. The course begins with an outline of the Canadian parliamentary system and policymaking process. A series of case studies, from biodiversity to climate change, are then explored as a way to see the policy process in action. [24L]

Prerequisites: 3.5 credits
Exclusions: JPE250Y5 or POL250Y5 or ENV250Y5 or ENV320H1

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/11T
Mode of Delivery: In Class

JPE252H5 • Introduction to Canadian Environmental Law and Policy II

This course builds on the themes and concepts introduced in JPE251H5. The primary intent is to provide an overview of the political context in which environmental policy and law is made and implemented. The emphasis in this course will be on environmental law. [24L]

Prerequisites: JPE251H5
Exclusions: JPE250Y5 or POL250Y5 or ENV250Y5 or ENV320H1

Distribution Requirement: Social Science
Total Instructional Hours: 24L/11T
Mode of Delivery: In Class

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